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Between Reason and Revelation: Twin Wisdoms Reconciled


I. B. Tauris Publishers in association with The Institute of Ismaili Studies, 2012.

ISBN (Hardback): 978-1780761329
Synopsis

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This is the first English translation of the last known philosophical work of the great eleventh-century Ismaili thinker, poet, and Fatimid emissary,Nasir-i Khusraw. Appointed from Cairo by command of the Fatimid Imam-caliph al-Mustansir to serve first as a daʿi, and then as the hujjat, for the entire region of Khurasan, he maintained his allegiance to both his mission and his Imam for the rest of his life, even when threatened and driven into exile.

Written during his exile in Badakhshan in the year 1070 CE, Nasir-i Khusraw here develops a powerful presentation of both Aristotelian philosophy and Ismaili exegesis, or taʾwil, and strives to show that they are ultimately in harmony. The work is presented as a learned commentary on a long philosophical poem, written in the previous century and sent to Nasir by the amir of Badakhshan, ʿAli b. Asad, who copied the poem out in his own hand from memory and asked the poet-philosopher to explicate it.

In doing so, Nasir ranges over a huge span of topics from logic and language to the nature of the physical world, from the spheres of the highest heavens to the plants and animals of the earthly realm, and, most importantly, hidden spiritual realities: the esoteric (batin) as well as the exoteric (zahir) realms. He thus discusses the nature of God, the creation of human beings, and the mysteries concealed in the physical world, itself a reflection of a higher, transcendent realm.

Between Reason and Revelation: Twin Wisdoms Reconciled is an annotated translation of the Persian text prepared by Henry Corbin and Mohammed Muʿin based on the single surviving manuscript of the work, now in the Süleymaniye Mosque Library in Istanbul. It is a work of great philosophical and spiritual insight, which is also a pioneering attempt to tackle difficult intellectual problems in the Persian language; it is at once lucid and lyrical, precise and speculative. Nasir’s influence has been immense as both a poet and a thinker, and the Kitab-i Jamiʿ al-Hikmatayn is his crowning work.

Contents

Illustrations

xi

Abbreviations

xii

Introduction

1

Translation of Kitab-i Jamiʿ al-hikmatayn: The Book of Twin Wisdoms Reconciled

Exordium

19

1

The Reason for the Composition of this Book; its Title

23

2

The Qasida of Ahmad b. Hasan al-Jurjani

35

3

On the Proof of the Creator’s Existence with a Discussion of His Oneness, in Several Discourses

41

a. On the Creator’s existence

41

b. The Doctrine of the Dialectical Theologians of the Karramites on Tawhid

51

c. The Doctrine of the Theologians of the Muʿtazilite School on Tawhid

56

d. The Doctrine of the Metaphysical Philosophers on Tawhid

67

4

Aristotle’s Teaching on the Four Parts of Speech

73

5

On Form, Property, Definition and Description

81

6

The Definition of ‘I’

95

7

On the Body, on the Soul, on the Intelligence

101

8

On the Seven Lights

103

9

On Eternity, Truth, Pleasure, Life as it Passes, Perfection, and Occultation

109

10

On Universal Nature

117

11

On Angel, Pari, Demon

127

12

A Commentary on ‘One’

135

13

Of Species and Genus

141

14

On Happiness and Unhappiness. And on Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow

147

15

Properties of Minerals, Animals, and Places

155

16

On Language, Discourse, Speech

167

17

On Pre-Eternity, Duration, Eternity, and Eternity without End

171

18

On the Moon’s Properties

175

19

On the Necessity of Human Education

183

20

About ibdaʿ (Origination)

189

21

On the Emergence of the Species from the Individual

205

22

On Intellect and Knowledge

215

23

On the Difference between the Perceiver and the Act of Perception

219

24

On the Creation of Heaven and Earth

223

25

On the Circle, the Chicken and the Egg

231

26

On the Whole and the Part

235

27

On Saturn, Seed of Spring

239

28

On the Houses of the Sun and the Moon

243

29

On the Influence of Auspicious and Ominous Stars on the Soul and the Body

257

30

On Spiritual Father and Mother

261

31

On Questions without Answers about the Properties of the Elements

265

32

On the Poet’s Resolve to Reply to his own Questions

271

33

That the Learned Man is Alive, the Ignorant Man Dead

275

34

Conclusion of the Book

277

Bibliography

281

Index

286



Content Date: May 2012

The Institute of Ismaili Studies - Between Reason and Revelation: Twin Wisdoms Reconciled
Last updated: 8/10/2012 16:10