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‘Abbas, Ihsan. Abu Hayyan al–Tawhidi. Beirut, 1956.

al–‘Abbasi, Hasan b. ‘Abdallah. Athar al–uwal fi tartib al–duwal. Cairo, 1305.

Abu’l–Faraj al–Isfahani. Maqatil al–Talibiyyin, ed. A. Saqr. Cairo, 1368/ 1949.

Abu Shama, Shihab al–Din ‘Abd al–Rahman. Kitab al–rawdatayn fi akhbar al–dawlatayn, ed. Ibrahim al–Zaybaq. Beirut, 1997.

Aghaie, K. ‘The Karbala Narrative: Shi‘i Political Discourse in Modern Iran in the 1960s and 1970s,’ Journal of Islamic Studies, 12:2 (2001), pp.151–176.

al–Ahwani, ‘Abd al–‘Aziz. ‘Kutub baramij al–‘ulama’ fi’l–Andalus,’ Majallat ma‘had al–makhtutat al–‘Arabiyya, 1 (1375/1955), pp. 91–120.

Amin, Ahmad and Ahmad al–Zayn, ed. al–Imta‘ wa’l–mu’anasa. Cairo, 1953.

al–Amin, Muhsin. A‘yan al–Shi‘a. Beirut, 1403/1983.

Amir–Moezzi, Mohammad Ali. The Divine Guide in Early Shi‘ism, tr. David Streight. Albany, NY, 1994.

Arberry, Arthur J. A Twelfth–Century Reading List. A Chapter in Arab Bibliography. London, 1951.

—–The Koran Interpreted. Oxford, 1964.

Arioli, Angelo. ‘Introduzione alla studio del ‘Ilm ar–rijal imamita: le fonti’ in Jacqueline Sublet, ed., Cahiers d’onomastique Arabe. Paris, 1979, pp.51–89.

Arjomand, Said Amir. The Shadow of God and the Hidden Imam: Religion, Political Organization and Societal Change in Shi‘ite Iran from the Beginning to 1890. Chicago, 1984.

—–‘Two Decrees of Shah Tahmasp Concerning Statecraft and the Authority of Shaykh ‘Ali al–Karaki,’ in S. Amir Arjomand, ed. Authority and Political Culture in Shi‘ism. Albany, NY, 1988, pp.250–262.

—– ‘The Consolation of Theology: The Shi‘ite Doctrine of Occultation and the Transition from Chiliasm to Law,’ Journal of Religion, 76.4 (1996), pp. 548–571.

—–‘Perso–Indian Statecraft, Greek Political Science and the Muslim Idea of Government,’ International Sociology, 16 (2001), pp.446–480.

—–‘Medieval Persianate Political Ethic,’ Studies on Persianate Societies, 1 (2003).

Ayoub, M. Redemptive Suffering in Islam: A Study of the Devotional Aspects of ‘Ashura’ in Twelver Shi‘ism. The Hague, 1978.

Bacharach, Jere L. ‘Laqab for a Future Caliph: The Case of the Abbasid al–Mahdi,’ Journal of the American Oriental Society, 113 (1993), pp.271–274.

Bagby, P. Culture and History: Prolegomena to the Comparative Study of Civilizations. Berkeley, 1963.

al–Bahrani, Yusuf b. Ahmad. Lu’lu’at al–Bahrayn fi’l–ijazat wa–tarajim rijal al–hadith, ed. Muhammad Sadiq Al Bahr al–‘Ulum. Najaf, 1386/1966; Beirut, 1406/1986.

al–Baladhuri, Ahmad b. Yahya. Kitab futuh al–Buldan, ed. M.J. de Goeje. Leiden, 1866.

Bal‘ami, Abu ‘Ali Muhammad. Tarikh–i Bal‘ami: takmila va tarjama–yi tarikhi Tabari, ed. M.T. Bahar and M.P. Gunabadi. Tehran, 1341 Sh./1962; ed. M. Rawshan. Tehran, 1366 Sh./1987; facsimile ed. M. Minuvi. Tehran, 1344 Sh./1966. French tr. H. Zotenberg, Chronique de Abou–Djafar. Mohammed–ben–Yezid Tabari. Paris, 1867–1874.

Bausani, Alessandro. Religion in Iran from Zoroaster to Baha’ullah, tr. J.M. Marchesi. New York, 2000.

Bergé, Marc. Pour un humanisme vécu: Abu Hayyan al–Tawhidi. Damascus, 1979.

—– ‘Abu Hayyan al–Tawhidi,’ in Julia Ashtiany et al., ed. Cambridge History of Arabic Literature: ‘Abbasid Belles–Lettres. Cambridge, 1990, pp.112–124.

al–Biladi al–Bahrani, ‘Ali b. Hasan. Anwar al–badrayn fi tarajim ‘ulama’ al–Qatif wa’l–Ahsa’ wa’l–Bahrayn. Najaf, 1377/1957; repr. Qumm, 1407/ 1986.

Bonner, M. ‘The Naming of the Frontier: ‘awasim, thughur and the Arab Geographers,’ BSOAS, 57 (1994), pp.17–24.

Bosworth, C. Edmund. ‘The Titulature of the Early Ghaznavids,’ Oriens, 15 (1962), pp.210–233; reprinted in his The Medieval History of Iran, Afghanistan and Central Asia. London, 1977, article X.

—– Ghaznavids: Their Empire in Aghanistan and Eastern Iran 994:1040. Edinburgh, 1963.

—– Sistan under the Arabs from the Islamic Conquest to the Rise of the Saffarids (30–250/651–864). Rome, 1968.

—– Medieval Arabic Culture and Administration, London, 1982.

—– The New Islamic Dynasties: A Chronological and Genealogical Manual. Edinburgh and New York, 1996.

Bourouiba, Rachid. ‘A propos de la date de naissance d’Ibn Tumart,’ Revue d’Histoire et de Civilisation du Maghreb (1 January, 1966), pp.19– 25.

—– ‘Chronologie d’Ibn Tumart,’ Revue d’Histoire et de Civilisation du Maghreb (3, July, 1967), pp.39–47.

Brauer, R.W. ‘Boundaries and Frontiers in Medieval Muslim Geography,’ Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 85 (1995), pp.1–73.

Brockelmann, Carl. Geschichte der arabischen Literatur. 2nd ed. Leiden, 1943–49. Supplementbände. Leiden, 1937–1942.

Brodersen, Kai. ‘The Presentation of Geographical Knowledge for Travel and Transport in the Roman World: itineria non tantum adnotata sed etiam picta,’ in C. Adams and R. Laurence, ed. Travel and Geography in the Roman Empire. London, 2001, pp.7–21.

Brunschvig, Robert. ‘Sur la Doctrine du Mahdi Ibn Tumart,’ Arabica, 2 (1955), pp.137–149. Busse, Heribert. ‘The Revival of Persian Kingship under the Buyids’ in D.S. Richards, ed. Islamic Civilization, 950–1150. Oxford, 1973, pp.47–69.

Calder, Norman. ‘Legitimacy and Accommodation in Safavid Iran: The Juristic Theory of Muhammad Baqir al–Sabzavari (d.1090/1679),’ Iran: Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, 25 (1987), pp.91– 105.

Canard, Marius. ‘Le Cérémonial Fatimite et le cérémonial Byzantin: Essai de comparaison,’ Byzantion, 21 (1951), pp.355–420; reprinted in his Byzance et Musulmans du Proche Orient. London, 1973, article XIV.

Chejne, Anwar G. Succession to the Rule in Islam with Special Reference to the Early ‘Abbasid Period. Lahore, 1960.

Chelkowski, Peter, ed. Ta‘ziyeh: Ritual Drama in Iran. New York, 1979.

Chittick, William C., ed. and tr. ‘Two Seventeenth–Century Persian Tracts on Kingship and Rulers,’ in S.A. Arjomand, ed. Authority and Political Culture in Shi‘ism. Albany, NY, 1988, pp.267–304.

Cobban, A.B. The Medieval Universities: Their Development and Organization. London, 1975.

Cole, Juan R.I. ‘Rival Empires of Trade and Imami Shi‘ism in Eastern Arabia, 1300–1800,’ IJMES, 19 (1987), pp.177–204.

—– Roots of North Indian Shi‘ism in Iran and Iraq. Berkely, CA, 1988.

Combe, Étienne, et al. ed. Répertoire chronologique d’épigraphie arabe. Cairo, 1931– .

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Crone, Patricia. Slaves on Horses: The Evolution of the Islamic Polity. Cambridge, 1980.

—– and Martin Hinds. God’s Caliph: Religious Authority in the First Centuries of Islam. Cambridge, 1986.

—– and W.L. Treadwell. ‘A New Text on Isma‘ilism at the Samanid Court,’ in C.F. Robinson, ed. Texts, Documents and Artefacts: Islamic Studies in Honour of D.S. Richards. Leiden, 2003.

Daftary, Farhad. The Isma‘ilis: Their History and Doctrines. Cambridge, 1990.

—–, ed. Mediaeval Isma‘ili History and Thought. Cambridge, 1996. —– A Short History of the Ismailis: Traditions of a Muslim Community. Edinburgh, 1998.

Daniel, Elton L. ‘Manuscripts and Editions of Bal‘ami’s Tarjamah–yi Tarikhi Tabari,’ JRAS (1990), pp.282–321.

Davidovich, E.A. ‘Vladeteli Nasrabada (po numizmaticheskim dannim),’ Kratkie soobshcheniya instituta istorii material’no kul’turi, 61 (1956), pp.107–113.

al–Daylami, Abu’l–Hasan ‘Ali b. Muhammad. Kitab ‘atf al–alif al–ma’luf ‘ala’l–lam al–ma‘tuf, ed. Jean Claude Vadet. Cairo, 1962.

Derenbourg, Hartwig. ‘Oumara du Yémen, sa vie et son oeuvre. Paris, 1897– 1904.

al–Dhahabi, Shams–al–Din. Siyar a‘lam al–nubala’. Beirut, 1981–82.

Dilke, O.A. Greek and Roman Maps. London, 1985.

—– ‘Itineraries and Geographical Maps in the Early and Late Roman Empires,’ in Harley and Woodward, ed. The History of Cartography, vol.1, pp.234–257.

Encyclopaedia Iranica, ed. Ehsan Yarshater. New York and London, 1982–

The Encyclopaedia of Islam, ed. H.A.R. Gibb et al. New ed., Leiden and London, 1960–2002.

Edson, Evelyn. Mapping Time and Space: How Medieval Mapmakers Viewed their World. London, 1997.

Ernst, Carl W. Ruzbihan Baqli: Mysticism and the Rhetoric of Sainthood in Persian Sufism. Richmond, Surrey, 1996.

Fayyad, ‘Abdallah. al–Ijazat al–‘ilmiyya ‘inda’l–Muslimin. Baghdad, 1967.

Fierro, Maribel. ‘The Legal Policies of the Almohad caliphs and Ibn Rushd’s Bidayat al–Mujtahid,’ JIS, 10 (1999), pp.226–248.

Fletcher, Madeleine. ‘Ibn Tumart’s Teachers: The Relationship with al–Ghazali,’ al–Qantara, 18 (1997), pp.305–330.

Foucault, Michel. The Order of Things. An Archaeology of the Human Sciences. London, 2000.

Fricaud, Emile. ‘La notice biographique d’Abu l–Hasan ‘Ali Ibn al–Qattan dans l’ad–dayl wa–t–takmila d’Ibn ‘Abd–al–Malik al–Marrakusi,’ in Maria Luisa Ávila and Maribel Fierro, ed. Biografias Almohades. Madrid–Granada, 2000, pp.223–283.

Fu’ad Sayyid, Ayman, ed. al–Rawda al–bahiyya al–zahira fi khitat al–mu‘izziyya al–Qahira. Cairo, 1996.

—– La Capitale de l’Égypte jusqu’à l’époque Fatimide (al–Qahira et al–Fustat): Essai de reconstitution topographique. Beirut, 1998.

Gacek, Adam. ‘The Diploma of the Egyptian Calligrapher Hasan al–Rushdi,’ Manuscripts of the Middle East, 4 (1989), pp.44–55.

Gardizi, ‘Abd al–Hayy. Zayn al–akhbar, ed. M. Nazim, Berlin, 1928; ed. ‘A. Habibi. Tehran, 1347 Sh./1968.

Gleave, Robert. ‘The Ijaza from Yusuf al–Bahrani (d.1186/1772) to Sayyid Muhammad Mahdi Bahr al–‘Ulum (d.1212/1797–1798),’ Iran: Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, 32 (1994), pp.115–123.

Goldziher, Ignaz. Le Livre d’Ibn Toumert. Algiers, 1903.

Griaznevich, P.A. and A.N. Boldyrev, ‘O Dvukh Redaktsiyakh Tarih–i Tabari Bal‘ami,’ Sovyetskoye Vostokovedeniye, 3 (1957), pp.46–59.

Griffith, Sidney H. ‘The Gospel in Arabic: An Inquiry into its Appearance in the First Abbasid Century,’ Oriens Christianus, 69 (1985), pp.126–167.

Grunebaum, Gustave E. von. ‘The Cultural Function of the Dream as Illustrated by Classical Islam,’ in G.E. von Grunebaum and R. Caillois, ed. The Dream and Human Societies. Berkeley, 1966, pp.3–21.

Habib, Muhammad. Kitab al–muhabbar, ed. Ilse Lichtenstädter. Hyderabad, 1361/1942.

Halm, Heinz. ‘Die Sirat Ibn Hausab: Die ismailitische da‘wa im Jemen und die Fatimiden,’ WO, 12 (1981), pp.107–135.

—– Das Reich des Mahdi: Der Aufsteig der Fatimiden. Munich, 1991; English tr. M. Bonner, The Empire of the Mahdi: The Rise of the Fatimids. Leiden, 1996.

—– ‘The Isma‘ili Oath of Allegiance (‘ahd) and the “Sessions of Wisdom” (majalis al–hikma) in Fatimid Times,’ in Daftary, ed. Mediaeval Isma‘ili History and Thought, pp.91–115.

—– ‘Der Tod Hamzas, des Begründers der drusischen Religion,’ in U. Vermeulen and D. de Smet, ed. Egypt and Syria in the Fatimid, Ayyubid and Mamluk Eras, II. Louvain, 1998, pp.105–113.

Hamdani, Abbas. ‘An Early Fatimid Source on the Time and Authorship of the Rasa’il Ihwan al–Iafa’,’ Arabica, 26 (1979), pp.62–75.

al–Hamdani, Husayn F. al–Sulayhiyyun wa’l–haraka al–Fatimiyya fi’l–Yaman. Cairo, 1955.

Harley, J.B. and David Woodward, ed. The History of Cartography. Chicago, 1987–1992.

al–Hufi, Ahmad Muhammad. Abu Hayyan al–Tawhidi. Cairo, [1964].

Huici, Ambrosio. ‘La leyenda y la historia en los origenes del imperio Almohade,’ Al–Andalus, 14 (1949), pp.339–376.

Hurvitz, Nimrod. The Formation of Hanbalism, Piety into Power. Richmond, Surrey, 2002.

al–Husayni, Ahmad. Fihrist–i nuskhaha–yi khatti–yi kitabkhana–yi ‘umumi–yi Hadrat–i Ayat Allah al–‘uzma Najafi Mar‘ashi. Qumm, 1412/1991–192.

Ibn ‘Abd al–Mun‘im al–Himyari. Kitab al–rawd al–mi‘tar fi khabar al–aqtar, ed. I. ‘Abbas. Beirut, 1975.

Ibn Abi Zar‘, Abu’l–‘Abbas Ahmad. Roudh el–Kartas, Histoire des souverains du Magreb (Espagne et Maroc) et annales de la ville de Fès, tr., A. Beaumier. Paris, 1860.

Ibn al–Athir, ‘Izz al–Din. al–Kamil fi’l–ta’rikh, ed. C.J. Tornberg. Leiden, 1851–76; reprinted, Beirut, 1965–1966.

Ibn Hammad, Muhammad b. ‘Ali. Histoire des Rois ‘Obaudides (Akhbar muluk Bani ‘Ubayd wa–siratihum), ed. and tr. M. Vonderheyden. Algiers and Paris, 1927.

Ibn Hawqal, Abu’l–Qasim Muhammad. Kitab surat al–ard, ed. M.J. de Goeje. Leiden, 1873; ed. J.H. Kramers. Leiden, 1938; French trans., Configuration de la terre, tr. J.H. Kramers and G. Wiet. Paris and Beirut, 1964.

Ibn al–Haytham, Abu ‘Abdallah Ja‘far. Kitab al–munazarat, ed. and tr. W. Madelung and P.E. Walker as The Advent of the Fatimids: A Contemporary Shi‘i Witness. London, 2000.

Ibn al–Jawzi, ‘Abd al–Rahman. al–Muntazam fi ta’rikh al–muluk wa’l–umam. Hyderabad, 1939.

Ibn Khaldun, ‘Abd al–Rahman. Histoire des Berbères et des dynasties musulmanes de l’Afrique septentrionale, tr. W. MacGuckin de Slane. Paris, 1927.

—– al–Muqaddima, ed. E.M. Quatremère. Beirut, 1992 (facsimile of 1858 ed.); English tr. F. Rosenthal, The Muqaddimah. Princeton, NJ, 1980.

Ibn Khallikan, Abu’l–‘Abbas Ahmad. Wafayat al–a‘yan, ed. Ihsan ‘Abbas. Beirut, n.d.

Ibn al–Malahimi al–Khwarazmi, Rukn al–Din Mahmud b. Muhammad. Kitab al–mu‘tamad fi usul al–Din, ed. Martin J. McDermott and W. Madelung. London, 1991.

Ibn al–Muqaffa‘, Sawirus (Severus). History of the Patriarchs of the Egyptian Church known as the History of the Holy Church (Ta’rikh batarikati’l–kanisa al–Misriyya), tr. Antoine Khater and O.H.E. Khs. Burmester. Cairo, 1968.

Ibn Muyassar, Taj al–Din Muhammad. Akhbar Misr, ed. Ayman Fu’ad Sayyid. Cairo, 1981.

Ibn al–Nadim, Muhammad b. Ishaq. Kitab al–Fihrist, ed. Gustav Flügel. Leipzig, 1871–2; ed. and tr. Bayard Dodge as The Fihrist of al–Nadim: A Tenth–century Survey of Muslim Culture. New York, 1970.

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Ibn Qutayba, Abu Muhammad ‘Abdallah. Ta’wil mushkil al–Qur’an, ed. Ahmad Saqr. Cairo, 1373/1954.

—– al–Ma‘arif, ed. Tharwat ‘Ukasha. Cairo, 1992.

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—– ‘Uyun al–akhbar, ed. Muhammad al–Ya‘lawi as Ta’rikh al–khulafa’ al–Fatimiyyin bi’l–Maghrib: al–qism al–khass min Kitab ‘uyun al–akhbar. Beirut, 1985.

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—– Abu Hayyan al–Tawhidi. Beirut, 1957.

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—– ‘al–Usul al–Arba‘umi’a,’ JSAI, 10 (1987).

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—– ‘“Doing” Early Islamic History: Brooklyn Baseball, Arabic Historiography, and Historical Memory,’ JAOS, 114 (1994), pp.1–10.

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—– Ibn Qutayba (mort en 276/889): L’homme, son œuvre, ses idées. Damascus, 1965.

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—– Islam: From the Prophet Muhammad to the Capture of Constantinople. New York, 1974.

—– History: Remembered, Recovered, Invented. Princeton, NJ, 1975.

—– The Political Language of Islam. Chicago, 1988.

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—– ‘Une monnaie ‘Alide d’al–Basrah datée de 145 H (762–3 après J.–C.),’ Revue Numismatique, 6 série, 21 (1979), pp.218–224.

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—– ‘The Minor Dynasties of Northern Iran’ in The Cambridge History of Iran: Volume 4, The Period from the Arab Invasion to the Saljuqs, ed. R.N. Frye. Cambridge, 1975, pp.198–249.

—– ‘Some Notes on Non–Isma‘ili Shiism in the Maghrib,’ Studia Islamica, 44 (1976), pp.87–97; reprinted in his Religious Schools and Sects, article XIV.

—– ‘A Treatise of the Sharif al–Murtada on the Legality of Working for Government,’ BSOAS, 43 (1980), pp.18–31; reprinted in his Religious Schools and Sects, article IX.

—–‘Shiite Discussions on the Legality of the Kharaj,’ in R. Peters, ed. Proceedings of the Ninth Congress of the Union Européenne des Arabisants et Islamisants. Leiden, 1981, pp.193–202; reprinted in his Religious Schools and Sects, article XI.

—– ‘Authority in Twelver Shiism in the Absence of the Imam,’ in La Notion d’autorité au Moyen Age. Islam, Byzance, Occident. Paris, 1982, pp.163–173; reprinted in his Religious Schools and Sects, article X.

—– Religious Schools and Sects in Medieval Islam. London, 1985.

—– ‘Hamdan Qarmat and the Da‘i Abu ‘Ali,’ in W. Madelung et al., ed. Proceedings of the 17th Congress of the UEAI. St. Petersburg, 1997, pp.115–124.

—– ‘Apocalyptic Prophecies in Hims in the Umayyad Age,’ JSS, 31 (1986), pp.156–158; reprinted in his Religious and Ethnic Movements, article II.

—– Religious and Ethnic Movements in Medieval Islam. Hampshire, 1992.

—– ‘al–Mahdi,’ EI2, vol.5, pp.1230–1238. al–Mahuzi, Sulayman. Fihrist Al Babuya wa–‘ulama’ al–Bahrayn, ed. Ahmad al–Husayni. Qumm, 1404/1983–84.

al–Majlisi, Muhammad Baqir. Ijazat al–hadith allati katabaha ... al–Mawla Muhammad Baqir al–Majlisi al–Isfahani (1037h–1110h), ed. Ahmad al– Husayni. Qumm 1410/1989–90.

—– Bihar al–anwar, ed. Jawad al–‘Alawi. Tehran, 1376–1405/1957–1985.

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